Sidee loo soo saaray tallaalka?
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Edward Jenner , oo ah dhakhtar qalliin oo ciidan ah iyo dhakhtar kale oo ka yimid Gloucestershire, England, ayaa isku dayay tallaalkii tijaabada ahaa ee ugu horreeyay 1796. Waqtigaas, furuqa wuxuu ahaa cudur dilaa ah oo inta badan saameeya dhallaanka iyo carruurta yaryar. Jenner waxa ay aqoonsatay in uu k soo farcamay fayras ku dhacay lo’da (fayras yar oo saameeya lo’da) ay ka difaacaan cudurka furuqa. Waxa uu isticmaalay wax ka yimid gacanta Sarah Nells, oo ah gabadh caano-maal ah oo uu ku dhacay cudurka lo’da, si uu u qaadsiiyo James Phipps, oo ah wiil siddeed jir ah. Ka dib waxa uu daaha ka qaaday Phipps furuqa, kaas oo aanu Phipps ku dhicin. Way u shaqeysay sababtoo ah lo’da iyo furuqa waxay leeyihiin antigens (protein) caadi ah, kuwaas oo dhaqaajiyay habka difaaca ee wiilka yar.. Ka dib markii uu ku celceliyay tijaabada carruurta kale, oo uu ku jiro wiilkiisa, Jenner wuxuu soo gabagabeeyey in talaalku uu ka difaaco furuqa iyada oo aan laga laga cabsanayn khatarta ah in qofka uu ku dhaco cudurka. Jenner waxa uu daweyntiisa u isticmaalay ereyga tallaal , kaas oo ka yimid ereyga Laatiinka ah Vacca , oo macneheedu yahay “lo’da.” Natiijooyinka Jenner ayaa la daabacay laba sano ka dib, 1798, maantana tallaalada ayaa adduunka oo dhan laga isticmaalaa si loo soo saaro difaaca cudurrada.